![]() ![]() These trans-England routes were historic and major arteries for national trade and government, making Lincoln a strategic location. Medieval Lincoln was an ancient walled city with a Norman castle near its centre, straddling the crossroads of two important Roman-built highways: Ermine Street and the Fosse Way. Marshal marched his forces to the city of Lincoln to break Prince Louis's siege. Approximately 400 knights, 250 crossbowmen, and a larger auxiliary force of both mounted and foot soldiers were assembled. Marshal called all nobles holding castles in England to a muster in Newark. William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke, a knight of great skill and prowess, served as regent for Henry. Once John died, many barons were willing to change sides and fight for Henry against Prince Louis' claim. John died in the middle of the war, and his nine-year-old son Henry III was crowned King of England as successor to his father. Louis was supported by various English barons who resisted the rule of King John. In 1216, during the First Barons' War over the English succession, Prince Louis of France entered London and proclaimed himself King of England. The citizens of Lincoln were loyal to Louis so Henry's forces sacked the city. The looting that took place afterwards is known as the "Lincoln Fair". Thomas, Count of Perche, commanding the French troops, was killed and Louis was expelled from his base in the southeast of England. Louis's forces were attacked by a relief force under the command of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke. The Second Battle of Lincoln occurred at Lincoln Castle on Saturday, during the First Barons' War, between the forces of the future Louis VIII of France and those of King Henry III of England. ![]()
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